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- STATES ATENT OFFICE.

FRANK R. FENNESSY, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO EMMA l-I. FENNESSY,OF SAME PLACE.

GAS-BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 558,902, dated April21, 1896. Application filed December 13, 1894. Serial no'. 532,245. (Nomodel.)

T0 at whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK R. FENNESSY, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at the city, county, and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas-Burners, of whichthe following is a specification.

My invention relates to gas-burners, more particularly to that kind inwhich the flame is hollow in form, having a large central space void offlame or combustible gas, and in which provision is made for heating thegas and the air for supporting combustion simultaneously.

The object of my invention is to provide an efficient burner of thefewest possible separate parts capable of being readily and rapidlyassembled without riveting or any other means of fastening the partstogether.

It also has for its objects to prevent the lighting back of the flame,obviating the need of any air and gas mixing chamber other than theflame-chamber, and economy of gas with the greatest carrying-power ofthe flame.

In describing my invention reference is had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the burner,showing also the pipe for the supply of gas thereto. Fig. 2 is ahorizontal section on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional viewof the separate parts which form the burner proper.

The improved burnerA consists in the main of a hollow or chamberedannulus or base 1, having lugs or legs 2 cast 011 its bottom, one ofwhich is enlarged, so as to serve as a head for the gas-supply pipe 3,which communicates with the chamber 8, formed in said base. The base 1has its upper side made in a U shape, adapted to form inner and outerwalls supporting two rings 4 5, which together or singly form an annularsmall slit or j et-opening 6, or when singly a series of jet-openings.The bottom of the outer ring 4 fits onto a circular inclined rabbet 14on the upper outside of the annulus or base 1 and is provided with aninwardly-projecting continuous horizontal flange 7, which partly coversthe cham ber 8 in the hollow base 1. The inside ring 5 fits in a similarmanner onto an inner circular inclined rabbet 15 of the base 1 and isalso provided with a continuous horizontal flange 9, projectingoutwardly on the same plane as the flange 7, the opposing faces of thetwo flanges 7 and 9 being at a suit-able distance apart to form togetherthe slit or opening 6 for the passage of the gas and thereby forming thejet-piece of the burner. It will be noticed that the sides of therabbets and their respective rings 4 and 5 are inclined in the directionof the pressure between the two joined pieces, so as to insure theprevention of the gas escaping through these joints.

In order to completely burn the combustible gas, I have provided adevice which is composed, essentially, of two concentric perforatedvertical cylinders 10 11, one arranged within the other. very tightlyfitted or attached, preferably without rivets, to the ring 5, and itsupper end is closed bya circular plate 12, to which is affixed an eye13, for convenience of handling and removal of the cylinder, and it maybe of the ring 5 also, for storing, packing, or cleaning purposes.The'outer cylinder 10 is attached in a similar manner to the inside ofthe ring 4, and has near the jet-opening 6 a swinging or otherperforated door 24 which, by gravity or otherwise, is normally closed,and which may be moved aside for the entrance of a light to ignite thegas at the burner. The cylinder 10 is provided on its upper end with atightly-fitting ring 25, which is slightly conical for the purpose ofconfining the flame to an upward direction in a smaller space, andtherefore concentrating the heat to a smaller area.

It is seen that the burner is divided in three main componentpartsnamely, the hollow annulus or base 1, supporting the entire device, the cylinder 10 with its rings 4 and 25, and the cylinder 1.1 withits ring 5 and plate 12-each of which constitute a series of permanentlyconnected parts which may be readily detached from its members for anynecessary cleaning or repairing or for storing or packing purposes.

In operation, as the gas rushes from the jetopening 6 up in the spacebetween the cylinders 10 and 1.1 it creates a draft of air through theperforation of both cylinders, which effects an intimate mixture of theoxygen of the air with the combustible fluid or vapor, and hencecomplete combustion of the gas.

The inner cylinder 11 is 18 is a perforated air-strainer or distributingplate or diaphragn1,which rests on a shoulder 19 formed on the base 1.

16 is a perforated plate for supporting heating vessels, &c., situateddirectly over the top opening of the burner and supported by lugs 17 17,which detachably rest on shoulders formed on the conical ring 25. Thisperforated plate with its solid or imperforate outer edge serves also asa shield for the flame from the cold air and aids in preserving the blueflame necessary in attaining perfect combustion, and its solid outeredge forms a guard for the burner as a whole, preventing the dropping ofmaterial into the burner to clog its jet-opening and the perforations ofthe cylinders 10 11.

Thelighting back of the flame is prevented owing to the parts of theburner becoming speedily heated on the starting of the flame and becauseof the more intimate mixture of the gas and air and their mixture at thesame high temperature. Owing also to the rapid expansion of the gas inthe chamber 8 of the base by reason of the intense heat of the parts, agiven supply of gas is made to carry or the flame to extend a muchgreater distance than has heretofore been possible in gasburners.

The ring 5 may be omitted and the inner cylinder 11 fit down on therabbet 15, and the jet opening or openings 6 may be formed by aperforated ring fitting 011 the top of the hollow base and perform thesame function as the two flanges with the slit between them.

\Vhat is claimed is- 1. A gas-burner embracing three separate partsconsisting essentially of a hollow annular base made in one piece Ushaped in crosssection forming inner and outer walls, two ringsproviding between them a j et-slit and supported respectively on saidwalls, and means for supplying fuel to said base.

2. A gas-burner consisting of a hollow base having means for supplyingfuel thereto and upwardly-extendin g outer and inner inclined rabbets14., 15, and two rings engaging said rabbets and formingbetween them ajet-openin g.

3. A gas-burner consisting of a hollow base having means for supplyingfuel thereto and supporting two separable rings, said rings havingoppositely-projecting flanges overlying the hollow of the base andproviding a jet-opening and having upwardly-extending flanges andcylinders fitting said flanges.

4. A gas-burner consisting of a hollow base having means for supplyingfuel thereto, two rings supported by said base and forming between thema jet-opening, and a perforated cylinder carried by each ring.

5. A gas-burner consisting of a hollow base having means for supplyingfuel thereto, two rings supported by said base and providing ajet-opening between them, a perforatedinner cylinder having a top plate,and carried by the inner ring, and a perforated outer cylinder carriedby the outer ring, and having at its top a conical ring extending overand guarding the space between the cylinders and protecting saidjetbpening.

6. A gas-burner consisting of a hollow base having means for supplyingfuel thereto rings supported by said base and providing a jet-openingbetween them, perforated cylinders extending on opposite sides of thejetopenings, and an air-distributing plate held between the inner ringand said base.

7. A gas-burner consisting of a base 1 having means for supplying fuelthereto and the chamber 8, and formed with the inner and outer shouldersand inclined rabbets 1-1 and 15, a ring 4 having a flange 7 and fittingthe outer rabbet, and a ring 5 having the flange 9 which cooperates withthe flange 7 to form a burner slit or opening and fitting the innerrabbet, substantially as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of twowitnesses.

FRANK R. FENNESSY. lVitnesses:

Gno. H. GRAHAM, E. L. Tenn.

